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International Scenario A two-wheeler is used as a personal/family vehicle or a goods carrier in the developing countries, whereas it is confined to sports/racing (heavy motorcycles) or short distance shopping (mopeds) in developed countries. The world two-wheeler market is dominated by Japan. Japanese manufacturers account for around 65% of the total two-wheeler production in the world. However, production within Japan has been declining due to lower domestic demand and shift in manufacturing base outside the country. Japan is also the world's largest exporter of two-wheelers in the world controlling around 75% of the world trade. Its major markets are China, USA and Europe. In terms of player positions, Honda Motors Corporation, Yamaha Motors and Suzuki Motors corporation share the top three slots in the world two-wheeler market. The table below shows the production and sales figures of motorcycles and scooters in Japan during the past decade. Production Of Two-wheelers By Capacity (nos) Year 0-50 cc 51-125cc 126-250cc >250cc Total 1989 1,408,134 585,972 310,052 490,204 2,794,362 1990 1,343,220 686,734 270,304 506,637 2,806,895 1991 1,340,241 807,397 285,281 595,697 3,028,616 1992 1,180,702 1,053,167 279,707 682,959 3,196,535 1993 972,362 1,182,554 231,159 637,079 3,023,154 1994 874,919 1,062,560 237,386 550,421 2,725,286 1995 951,803 1,038,938 217,738 544,760 2,753,239 1996 948,298 828,299 238,045 569,775 2,584,417 1997 933,921 817,284 275,847 648,631 2,675,683 1998 839,123 783,646 271,378 742,149 2,636,296 Sales of two-wheelers by capacity (nos) Year 0-50 cc 51-125cc 126-250cc >250cc Total 1989 1,248,976 157,385 175,835 76,617 1,658,813 1990 1,213,512 169,618 158,882 76,921 1,618,933 1991 1,147,741 197,638 151,800 83,320 1,580,499 1992 987,260 214,232 128,593 115,365 1,445,450 1993 853,115 177,929 103,463 119,747 1,254,254 1994 824,792 156,951 95,926 115,942 1,193,611 1995 884,718 138,115 98,833 91,186 1,212,852 1996 876,522 171,105 83,982 88,307 1,219,916 1997 864,395 156,183 84,799 82,861 1,188,238 1998 744,900 177,092 65,659 75,329 1,062,980 The above tables indicate a falling trend in production and sales in Japan. While sales in the less than 50cc and 126-250cc vehicles have fallen by a sharp 40.4% and 62.7%, that of 51-125cc have risen by 12.5% in the 1989-1998 period. Sales in the above 250cc segment have more or less remained stagnant. However, production of in the 250cc+ segment has gone up by 51.4% in the same period. Current Scenario Production In January To June 2000 Company Up to 50cc > 50cc Total Total (Jan-Jun 1999) Honda 189,131 251,903 441,034 411,655 %yoy (1.6) 14.8 7.1 (22.8) Kawasaki 123,442 0 123,442 116,913 %yoy 6.7 0 5.6 3.8 Suzuki 45,796 176,092 222,698 225,366 %yoy (14.4) 2.9 (1.2) (18.7) Yamaha 113,957 299,314 413,271 379,636 %yoy (22.5) 28.7 8.9 (9.0) Others 217 0 217 1,242 %yoy (82.5) 0 (82.5) - Total 349,101 851,561 1,200,662 1,134,812 %yoy (11.6) 15.1 5.8 (15.3) The downward trend in production witnessed in the first six months of 1999 has reversed. The rise has been entirely driven by higher production of 50cc plus two-wheelers, completely reversing the trend witnessed in the same period in 1999 when production fell by 15.5%yoy. This perhaps is a sign of the rising fortunes of the Japanese economy. Except Suzuki, all the major manufacturers have posted higher production figures. In terms of share in production, Honda leads with 36.7% followed by Yamaha with 34.4%.  Exports In January To June 2000 Company Up to 50cc > 50cc Total Total (Jan-Jun 1999) Honda 12,003 199,392 211,395 198,869 %yoy (34.8) 10.5 6.3 (21.4) Kawasaki - 116,305 116,305 104,708 %yoy - 11.1 11.1 (1.7) Suzuki 2,608 186,663 189,271 187,180 %yoy (60.7) 3.4 1.1 (6.1) Yamaha 20,988 280,376 301,364 234,016 %yoy 12.3 30.2 28.8 (7.4) Total 35,599 782,736 818,335 724,773 %yoy (18.6) 14.9 12.9 (10.7) 68% of the production in Japan has been exported out of the country in the first six months of 2000 as compared to 64% last year.   This scenario contrasts directly with the Indian scenario. In India, only about 2-3% of the production in FY2000 were exported.  The Asian continent is the largest user of two-wheelers in the world. This is due to poor road infrastructure and low per capita income, restrictive policy on car industry. The technology for two-wheelers is not as well developed as for car industry. This is due to oligopoly between top five players in the segment, compared to thirty manufacturers in the car industry. Other sector reports Previous chapter Next chapter

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