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Industry Structure India's power sector has been dominated by Central and State government-owned organizations. In most of the cases, the SEB is the generator, transmittor and distributor of power. Electricity Generation - Players In India power is generated by the following players Central Utilities such as NTPC, NHPC, Nuclear Power Corporation, Damodar Valley Corporation and  NEEPCO State Electricity Boards which are state-owned utilities. A few states have corporatised their SEB. These are Orissa OPGC / OHPC Haryana Haryana Vidyut Utpadan Nigam (HVUN) Andhra Pradesh APGenco Uttar Pradesh UP Thermal Power Corporation UP Hydel Power Corporation Karnataka Karnataka Power Corporation Ltd Licensees such as BSES and CESC Independent Power Projects (IPPs) The Broad Sector-wise generation mix is as follows: Sector    % Central Sector 34.0% State Sector 58.1% Private Sector 6.5% Licensees 3.9% IPPs 2.6% Others 1.4% All India 100.0% Electricity Transmission - Players In the Trasmission sector, a few states have unbundled their transmission and corporatised the entity These are: Orissa Gridco Andhra Pradesh APTransco Haryana Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam (HVPN) Uttar Pradesh UP Power Corporation In all other states, transmission is still in the control of SEBs except the 5 cities where licensees control the transmission of power Electricity Distribution - Players Orissa is the only state where power distribution has been entrusted to the private sector.  Orissa has been divided into 4 zones - Wesco, Nesco, Southco and Cesco. BSES has a 51% stake in the first 3 and AES has a 51% stake in the last. The remaining stake is held by Gridco. In all other states, distribution is in the control of SEBs except the 5 cities where licensees control the distribution of power. Policy Making And Regulatory Bodies The Ministry of Power headed by the Union Minister of Power is the main policy making body. The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) is responsible for planning regulation. This is done by regulating the entry of new bulk generating units and central clearance to all major projects of SEBs, licensees and generating companies. Setting of safety standards and overall technical regulation is also done by CEA. Following the enactment of the Electricity Regulatory Commission Legislation, the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC)  was set up, with the main objective of regulating the Central power generation utilities. Earlier the SEBs had a direct control over deciding tariffs in their respective states, but this function was logically taken away from SEBs and passed on to the State Electricity Regulatory Commissions. Most of the states have set up their own SERC, while the remaining are in the process of doing so. Other sector reports Previous chapter Next chapter

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