FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 2022–23.
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
India is one of the fastest developing economies in the world.
Electricity is considered to be one of the most critical components for the infrastructure
development of any country affecting economic growth and well-being of the people at
large. Power sector comprises generation, transmission and distribution utilities and is
key enabler for Indias economic growth. India has a total power generation capacity
of 416058.89 MW as on March 31, 2023. Major sources of such generation are from coal,
lignite, natural gas, oil, hydro and nuclear power and renewable sources like wind, solar,
agriculture and domestic waste. Out of the total generation of power of 416058.89 MW,
thermal contributed about 57.03%, hydro contributed about 11.26%, nuclear 1.63% and other
renewable energy sources about 30.08%. As on March 31, 2023, out of the total generation,
State Governments account for about 25.00%, Central Sector account for 24.00% and Private
Sectors account for 51.00%.
India is ranked 3rd in the world in terms of power generation. India
has the 4th largest power generation capacity in the world. In terms of wind power
installed capacity, India is globally placed at 4th position. In terms of hydro capacity,
India is globally placed at 6th position. The per capita consumption of power in India has
reached1,255 kWh in the financial year 2021-22.
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has been vested with the
responsibility of developing Small Hydro Power (SHP) projects up to 25 MW station
capacities. The estimated potential for power generation in the country from such plants
is about 21,000 MW. Most of the potential is in Himalayan States as river-based projects
and in other States on irrigation canals. The SHP programme is now essentially private
investment driven. Projects are normally economically viable and private sector is showing
lot of interest in investing in SHP projects. The viability of these projects improves
with increase in the project capacity.
Hydro Power Project Classification
Hydro power projects are generally categorized in two segments i.e.
small and large hydro. In India, hydro projects up to 25 MW station capacities have been
categorized as small hydro power (SHP) projects. While Ministry of Power, Government of
India is responsible for large hydro projects, the mandate for the subject small hydro
power (up to 25 MW) is given to Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. Small hydro power
projects are further classified as:
| Class |
Station
Capacity in kW |
| Micro Hydro |
Up
to 100 |
| Mini Hydro |
101
to 2000 |
| Small Hydro |
2001
to 25000 |
Source:
hflps://mnre.gov.in/small-hydro/schemes ; hflps://www.makeinindia.com/ ;
hflps://cea.nic.in/
SWOT ANALYSIS
- Strengths:
Energy Development Company Limited ("EDCL") has wide
experience and expertise in execution of Small Hydro Power projects which gives it a
significant competitive advantage. The team of EDCL is supported by eminent in-house team
& consultants. The Company is in the process of developing several hydro power
projects (via subsidiaries & associate companies) with financial investment partners
in remote areas of the country which comes with a range of challenges – logistical,
climatic and technological. However, with its strong and efficient team of competent and
experienced professionals, most of the hurdles have been mitigated.
Long term power purchase agreement for most of the projects with the
State Utilities confirms the sale of generation of electricity, as a result most projects
under operation so far have PPA with State Utilities except Harangi – I Project whose
electricity is being traded through IEX or private consumers through a licensee trader.
The payments against each projects sale proceeds are received in due time.
- Opportunities:
The deteriorating hydro-thermal mix, increase in peak hour
shortages and frequency variations have forced policymakers to turn their attention
towards water resources and on developing hydropower. Besides Indias huge untapped
hydro potential, especially in the hilly region, with the focus shifting to hydropower,
EDCL plans to add to its capacity in the coming years.
- Threats / Weaknesses:
The management of the Company perceives the following as threats /
risks / weaknesses in the construction of hydropower projects:
Time in clearances – Stringent norms and cumbersome
procedures for getting environmental and forest clearances leads to delays in obtaining
clearances for projects, which may affect the capacity addition programs, even though
state governments are trying their best to adopt to single window clearance system, to
mitigate this threat but the same is yet to be implemented.
Land acquisition – The process of land acquisition for
infrastructure work as well as for the projects components including submergence is
quite cumbersome and time consuming. The single window clearance system will probably also
mitigate this threat to a great extent.
Geological uncertainties – In spite of extensive surveys
and investigations, various components of hydro projects such as head race tunnels, power
houses, pressure shafts and surge shafts face geological surprises which result in delays
and increase in project cost.
Inter-state and International disputes – As water is a
state subject in India, there are often inter-state river disputes due to which many hydro
projects may get delayed or abandoned. Certain projects are situated in border areas which
are affected by Indias international relations.
Natural calamities – As most of the hydro projects are
located in hilly terrains, natural calamities like land slides, hill slope collapses and
road blocks, floods and cloud bursts cause severe setbacks in construction schedules.
Unexpected complexities – Unexpected complexities and
delays in clearances / execution due to reasons beyond ones control may cause
variation / escalations in estimates.
- Risks and Concerns
Hydro power schemes are capital intensive, have long gestation period
and require huge investments which are major constraints in the exploitation of the vast
hydro power potential available in the country. Since water is a state subject, state
governments are demanding a higher share of free power and other incentives, which lead to
higher tariffs.
SEGMENT WISE OR PRODUCT WISE PERFORMANCE
The Company has three divisions namely generation division, contract
division and trading division.
Generation Division:
During the financial year 2022-23, total revenue generated from this
division is ?1,281.62 Lakhs (Previous year
?1,276.40 Lakhs).
The Company owns and operates the following power plants:
- Hydro Electric Power Projects
- 9 MW Harangi Hydro Electric Power Plant in the State of Karnataka and
- 6 MW Harangi Hydro Electric Power Plant in the State of Karnataka
- Wind Mills
- 1.5 MW Wind mill at Hassan District in the State of Karnataka and
- 1.5 MW Wind Mill at Chitradurga in the State of Karnataka
Saleable electricity generated from:
Hydro Power Plants: 33.98 million units (previous year 35.10 million
units) Wind Mills: 5.42 million units (previous year 5.09 million units)
The Company also owns and operate 7 MW Ullunkal Hydro Electric Project,
through its subsidiary, EDCL Power Projects Limited. The project produced 20.70 million
units during the year 2022-23 as compared to 25.36 million units in 2021-22.
The Company also owns and operates 15 MW Karikkayam Hydro Electric
Project, through its subsidiary, Ayyappa Hydro Power Limited and produced 48.21 million
units during the year 2022-23 as compared to 58.77 million units in 2021-22.
Contract Division
During the year under review, the division has not earned any revenue.
(previous year ?17.47 Lakh).
Trading Division
During the year under review, the Company did not indulge in trading
activities.
OUTLOOK
Your Companys main focus area is the generation of electricity,
infrastructure development by way of contract or own projects & trading of renewable
energy products. For further details, kindly refer to the Directors Report.
INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM
Companys internal control system have been designed to provide
reasonable assurance with regard to recording and providing reliable financial and
operational information, complying with applicable laws, safeguarding assets from
unauthorized use or losses, executing transactions with proper authorization and ensuring
compliance of corporate policies.
The Internal Auditor carries out internal audit of the Company. The
Internal Audit process is designed to review the adequacy of internal control and checks
in the system and covers all significant areas of the Companys operations.
The Company has an Audit Committee, the details of which have been
provided in the Report on Corporate Governance. The Audit Committee reviews audit reports
submitted by the Internal Auditors.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
The net profit before tax stood at ?51.96 Lakhs (previous year loss of
?294.91 Lakhs). The detailed performance is given in the Financial Results of the
Directors Report.
DETAILS OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN KEY FINANCIAL RATIOS
Details of significant changes (i.e. change of 25% or more as compared
to the immediately previous financial year) in key financial ratios, along with detailed
explanations are given below:
| Sl. No. |
Particulars |
2022-23 |
2021-22 |
Explanation |
| i) |
Debtors
Turnover |
0.32 |
0.34 |
Not
significant |
| ii) |
Inventory
Turnover |
24.13 |
21.61 |
Not
significant |
| iii) |
Interest
Coverage Ratio |
0.70 |
0.64 |
Not
significant |
| iv) |
Current
Ratio |
1.42 |
1.50 |
Not
significant |
| Sl. No. |
Particulars |
2022-23 |
2021-22 |
Explanation |
| v) |
Debt
Equity Ratio |
0.15 |
0.13 |
Not
significant |
| vi) |
Operating
Profit Margin (%) |
13.92 |
13.02 |
Not
significant |
| vii) |
Net
Profit Margin (%) |
0.05 |
0.23 |
The significant changes in net profit margin & return on net worth has
been recorded due to decrease in earnings on account of reduction in operating & other
income. |
| viii) |
Return
on Net worth (%) |
1.81 |
3.35 |
HUMAN RESOURCES
As on March 31, 2023, there were 27 permanent employees on the rolls of
the Company. The Company regards its human resources as the most valuable assets. The
Company strives to provide a fair, empowered and merit-based workplace with scope for
continuous learning, enriching competencies among employees and accelerating corporate
growth. During the year under review, the Company did not witness any kind of adverse
development on the human resource front. The Company has always aimed towards attracting
and retaining talent in its various functions.
The Company also took initiatives to manage the human resource by
including a regularized recruitment process, a fair and unbiased performance appraisal
system along with an in-built feedback system.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
Statements in this Management Discussion and Analysis Report may be
"forward looking statements" within the meaning of applicable securities laws
and regulations. These statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations of
future events. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied.
Important facts that could make a difference to the Companys operations include
economic conditions affecting global and domestic demand-supply, raw-material costs and
availability, changes in Government regulations, tax regimes, economic developments in
India and other factors such as litigation and industrial relations, the Company assumes
no responsibility to publicly amend, modify or revise any forward looking statement, on
the basis of any subsequent developments, information or events. The Company also does not
assume any responsibility on the accuracy of statements relating to industry structure and
development, as it has been sourced from various available websites.
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